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【should的用法】should一词用法灵活、含义丰富 。常见用法如下:
一、should 作为助动词 shall 的过去式,可以在间接引语中与第一人称主语搭配,表示过去将来时间 。例如:
The group leader announced that we should (= would ) begin to work soon.
小组长宣布:我们不久就开始工作 。
A week ago,I told him that I should (= would) go to Beijing the next day.
一个星期以前,我告诉他我第二天就去北京 。
二、should 作为情态动词,通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务,译作“应该”、“应当”,这时它可以和 ought to, be supposed to 互换使用 。例如:
You should (= are supposed to ) complete your test in time.
你们应该按时做完你们的实验 。
You should (= ought to ) tell your mother about it at once.
你应该立即把此事告诉你妈妈 。
In sum, theory should be combined with practice.
总之,理论应该与实验相结合 。
三、should 作为情态动词,可以用在条件状语从句中,表示语气较强的假设,译作“万一”、“竟然”,这时也可将 should 置于从句之首,即将 should 放在主语前面,而省略从属连词 if 。例如:
If you should fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. (= Should you fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. )
万一你来不了,就叫陈夫人代替你 。
If anyone should come, say I am not at home. (= Should anyone come, say I am not at home. )
万一有人来访,就说我不在家 。
If it should rain tomorrow, I wouldn't go. (= Should it rain tomorrow, I wouldn't go.)
万一明天天下雨,我就不去了 。
四、should 作为情态动词,可以表示谦逊、客气、委婉之意,译为“可……”、“倒……” 。例如:
I should say that it would be better to try it again.
我倒是认为最好再试一试 。
You are mistaken,I should say.
据我看,你搞错了 。
He should expect their basketball team to win the match.
他倒是希望他们的篮球队赢得这场比赛的胜利 。
Should you like some tea ?
你可喜欢喝茶?
五、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的 。尤其在以 why, who, how 等开头的修辞疑问句或某些感叹句中常常译为“竟会”、“居然” 。例如:
How should I know it?
我怎么会知道这件事?
Why should you be so late today?
你今天怎么来得这么晚?
When I went out, whom should I meet but my old friend Xiao Li!
当我出去时,想不到竟会碰见我的老朋友小李!
I don't see any reason why he shouldn't be happy.
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