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听力课托福 托福听力讲座类如何根据相应学科分类练习

生活百科托福听力

托福听力讲座类相对于对话类来说信息量更大难度也更高，是考生需要重点攻克的听力大类题型 。下面小编就和大家分享　托福听力讲座类如何根据相应学科分类练习，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧 。
托福听力讲座类如何根据相应学科分类练习?
托福听力讲座类按学科分类练习实例：心理学
心理学相对来说，算是在整个托福考试中考察的比较多的 。说到psychology，一般都会考查一个概念叫做cognition(认知) 。认知，是指人们获得知识或应用知识的过程，或信息加工的过程，这是人的最基本的心理过程 。它包括感觉、知觉、记忆、思维、想像和语言等 。人脑接受外界输入的信息，经过头脑的加工处理，转换成内在的心理活动，进而支配人的行为，这个过程就是信息加工的过程，也就是认知过程 。
在托福官方真题14Lecture1的文章中，原文提到We’ve said that the term “Cognition” refers to mental states like: knowing and believing, and to mental processes that we use to arrive at those states. So for example, reasoning is a cognitive process, so it’s perception. We use information that we perceive through our senses to help us make decisions to arrive at beliefs and so on. And then there are memory and imagination, which relate to the knowledge of things that happen in the past and may happen in the future. So perceiving, remembering, imagining are all internal mental processes that lead to knowing or believing.
这段话的内容差不多就是cognition的定义，考生若是了解过这样一个学科知识，在练习文章中听过这一篇心理学文章的话，那么再一次碰到类似这个cognition的内容的话就能更好地应对 。比如托福官方真题30Lecture1以及托福官方真题43Lecture2等文章都是在讲类似的学科内容 。
托福听力讲座类按学科分类练习实例：经济学
经济学方面，最近的考试来看，作为生物、艺术以外的小学科来说，出现的概率也比较高 。经济学方面，在20170701的托福考试中考了一篇文章，大概介绍了一种预算支配方式:participatory budget 。1. 介绍了其优势:更透明、政府官员更了解公众需求; 2. 其实施过程中遇到的困难;3. 其效果:受益的是政府官员而不是公众,成了政府官员公关的工具 。
在托福官方真题6Lectture1 Economic class、托福官方真题26Lecture1 Advertising class、托福官方真题42Lecture2 Marketing class 中都有经济学内容的体现，包括了“boom and bust cycle”、“service recovery plan”、“brand loyalty”、“green marketing”等等经济学相关名词 。
看过上述两个实例，相信大家对于如何按照学科分类来练习托福听力讲座已经就会有比较明确的认识了吧 。
托福听力补充加试—噪音
The student is complaining the noise and dust made by the construction out of the library since they have to take some classes during this summer break. The housing officer says that she cannot help this situation, she cannot change the schedule of the construction as the man suggests, since the construction is decided by a special committee and funded several months ago. Then the man suggests the construction team to move to another side of the building. But it is too difficult to move anything. Later the officer suggests that maybe they can apply for another dormitory, but she needs contact with housing first.

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