这道题目如果同学们查字典，很容易选出C这个答案，因为discursive和rambling这两个词就是同义词，是“离题的”的意思 。然而，在本文背景下，discursive一定是essay的特点，是用来表达intelligence而不是feeling的，在这种上下文背景下，它的意思应该是“推论的，论证的：通过推理而非直觉来得出结论的”，所以选择的答案是analytical 。很显然，GRE的词汇题要求的并不简简单单是词汇量本身，而是上下文语义关系判断的能力 。
2understanding the meaning of individual sentences/理解句意同样看似考察的是句子本身的字面意思，如果在TOEFL考试当中，只要看懂一个句子的语义，一道句子改写题基本就不成问题了 。但是GRE考试当中，即便考察的是语句本身的语义，选项对原文的改写不仅仅是句型的改写，而很可能是不同逻辑形式对等效语义的表达 。比如：请输入正文Astronomers studying a certain kind of supernova (exploding star) were surprised to find the supernovas were fainter than expected. Seeking explanations, they discounted the possibility that cosmic dust might be screening out some of the light, because it would filter out blue light more than red, causing the supernovas to appear redder than they really are. Also, unless spread very smoothly throughout space, the dust would introduce large variations in the measurements. Another possibility is gravitational lensing, the bending of light rays as they skirt galaxies en route. Such lensing occasionally causes brightening, but most often it contributes to the dimness of distant supernovas. Calculations show, however, that this effect becomes important only for sources more distant than the supernovas studied.According to the passage, the astronomers rejected gravitational lensing as an explanation for their findings becauseA. gravitational lensing can cause supernovas to appear brighter than they really areB. their calculations showed a negligible effect of gravitational lensing for light rays from distant sources.C. light rays traveling from the supernovas studied did not have to skirt galaxies.D. the effect of gravitational lensing on the appearance of supernovas is unpredictable.E. the supernovas studied were too near for gravitational lensing to have the observed dimming effect.答案：E这道题很明显考察的就是最后一句话“this effect becomes important only for sources more distant than the supernovas studied”的意思 。而X becomes important for Y这句话，等效于X is not important for non-Y，而题干相当于在问X为什么not important，则答案就应该是non-Y 。根据这个形式，鉴于原文的Y相当于distant，则正确选项就应该是以not distant为关键信息，所以选择了E，核心词是near 。其实这个题反映了一个更普遍的常考察的语言现象，即以“only”为逻辑信息的句型其表面语义和实际语义之间的关系 。当我在说“only when I work hard can I get high score”时，我并没有表达努力工作能够带来高分的意思，相反，我所表达是不努力工作没法带来高分的意思 。而这种现象又代表的是一大类现象，即某种逻辑句型的表面语义和实际语义之间的关系，它要求同学们在阅读时能够在逻辑等效的句型之间进行语义的灵活切换 。
推荐阅读
- 胎头光环直径是双顶径吗
- 托福听力始终提不高 托福听力高频出题陷阱讲解
- 胎儿柠檬头是什么意思
- 王夫之的个人简介是怎样来自的？
- 糯康、桑康·乍萨、依莱、扎西卡、扎波、扎拖边部板计工期早只在境波分别是哪一个国家的
- 女生应用化学专业考研方向
- 什么是j静水压，非静水压，准静水压
- 战斗机推重比是怎么算出来的？
- 老托福听力真题及答案 托福听力答案常出现在哪些地方
- 游戏中帧数是什么 帧数越多越好还是越少越好